Insect Pollinators within Cotton Fields of Small-Scale Farms in Mwachisompola, Zambia and Development of an Educational Manual
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Date
2011-12Author
Mayes, Daphne M.
Publisher
University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, College of Natural Resources
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Global declines in wild and managed pollinator species have increased the need to
evaluate the current status of these populations. Farming systems are a good place to
examine pollinator presence and activity, because the blooming period of the crop
provides a predictable floral resource which attracts pollinators. In this study, pollinator
data was collected in small-scale conservation and conventional cotton (Gossypium
hirsutum) fields in Mwachisompola, Zambia. Twenty-seven species of insect pollinators
were recorded, with 67% belonging to the order Hymenoptera, 26% Diptera, and 7%
Coleoptera. Results indicate that only 33% of the total observed species were found
within both farm systems. Furthermore, eleven of the insects observed foraging within
cotton flowers were also predatory. Paragus borbonicus and Ischiodon aegyptius were
found within both conservation and conventional fields. These species are important
predators of crop pests that are known to attack cotton. There was a negative correlation
between species richness and field size, regardless of farm management. This study
shows that both types of farm systems are important resources for insect pollinators and
crop pest predators, and that local management practices have the opportunity to
positively or negatively impact these organisms.
A secondary objective of this study was the development of an educational
manual focused on pollinators in Zambia. Living and working as a rural-based Peace
Corps volunteer, I had the opportunity to explore how farmers and extension staff view
pollinators. Using this information it was determined that an education manual focusing
on pollinators in Zambia would assist in promoting pollinator awareness and
conservation. This resource will be freely distributed by the Conservation Farming Unit
of Zambia and the South Africa National Biodiversity Institute, and supports the efforts
of actors involved in pollinator conservation.